Carbon Steel

Carbon steel is a versatile and widely used material composed primarily of iron and carbon, with small amounts of other elements like manganese. It is known for its strength, hardness, and durability, making it ideal for applications in construction, manufacturing, automotive, and pipelines. Carbon steel comes in three main grades: low carbon steel (mild steel), which is ductile and easy to weld; medium carbon steel, which offers a balance of strength and toughness; and high carbon steel, known for its hardness and wear resistance. It is available in various forms such as plates, sheets, bars, and pipes, and is commonly used in both structural and mechanical applications.

Carbon Sheets & Plates Specifications
Specifications	ASTM A283 / ASME SA283, BS EN 10088-2, EN 10028-7, IS 6911
Dimension Standards	MSRR, AMS, BS, JIS, AISI, ASTM, GB, DIN, EN, etc.
Size Range	Cold Rolled: 0.5–6.4 mm Hot Rolled: 3.0–10.0 mm
Width	1000 mm, 1219 mm, 1500 mm, 1800 mm, 2000 mm, 2500 mm, 3000 mm, 3500 mm, etc.
Length	2000 mm, 2440 mm, 3000 mm, 5800 mm, 6000 mm, etc.
Thickness	0.3 mm to 120 mm
International Standards	ASTM A480, ASTM A959, ASME IID, EN ISO 9445, EN ISO 18286, EN 10051, EN 10088-1, ISO 15510
Tolerances	EN 10258 / DIN 59381, EN 10151, ASME SA283 Carbon Strips, EN 10088 SA-240 Strips
Finish	2B, 2D, BA, No.8, Cold Rolled (CR), Hot Rolled (HR), Satin (Plastic Coated), No.1, 1D, No.4, 8K, Hairline, Brush, Mirror, etc.
Hardness	Half Hard, Soft, Hard, Quarter Hard, Spring Hard
Form	Sheet, Plate, Strip, Flats, Clad Plate, Coils, Foils, Plain Sheet, Flat Shim, Flat Sheet, Shim Sheet, Rolling Sheet, Rolling Plate, Rolls, Blank (Circle), Soft Annealed, Descaled, Tread Plate, Sheared, Annealed, Checker Plate
Value Added Services	Cladding, Heat Treatment, Annealing, Pickling, Polishing, Rolling, Cutting, Bending, Forging, Minor Fabrication, etc.
Dealers & Distributors Of	SAIL, ESSAR, JINDAL, TATA, BHUSHAN, INDIAN, POSCO, JISCO, TISCO, LISCO, BAOSTEEL IMPORTED MATERIAL
Carbon Profiling	Plasma Plate Cutting, Laser Plate Cutting, Oxy-Propane Flame Cutting

Grade Specification	Carbon Steel: ASTM/ASME A234 WPB / A860 – MSS-SP-75 WPHY 42 / 46 / 52 / 56 / 60 / 65 / 70 Low Temperature Steel: A420 WPL3 / A420 WPL6
Type	Seamless / Welded / Fabricated
Bending Radius	R = 1D, 2D, 3D, 5D, 6D, 8D, 10D or Custom
Range	½″ NB to 48″ NB in Sch 10s, 40s, 80s, 160s, XXS
Dimensions	ANSI/ASME B16.9, B16.28, MSS-SP-43

Property	ASTM A234 WPB (Standard Carbon Steel)	ASTM A420 WPL6 (Low Temp)	ASTM A105 (Forged Carbon Steel)
Tensile Strength (min)	485 MPa (70,000 psi)	485 MPa (70,000 psi)	485 MPa (70,000 psi)
Yield Strength (min)	240 MPa (35,000 psi)	240 MPa (35,000 psi)	250 MPa (36,000 psi)
Elongation (%)	≥22%	≥22%	≥22%
Hardness (max)	197 HB (Brinell)	197 HB	187 HB
Impact Toughness	Not required	≥20 ft-lbs at -46°C	Not specified

Property	Typical Value	Remarks
Density	7.85 g/cm³	Standard for carbon steel materials
Melting Point	1425–1540 °C	Slight variation with carbon content
Thermal Conductivity	45–60 W/m·K	Varies slightly by grade and temperature
Specific Heat Capacity	~0.49 kJ/kg·K	Consistent with general carbon steel
Electrical Conductivity	Moderate (~10–17% of copper)	Suitable for grounding but not for high-conductivity applications
Magnetic Properties	Ferromagnetic	Magnetic behavior present in all carbon steel fittings
Thermal Expansion Coefficient	11–13 × 10⁻⁶ /°C	Considered in piping design (expansion loops, etc.)
Hardness (Brinell)	120 – 250 HB	Depends on forming and heat treatment during fitting manufacture
Young’s Modulus	~200 GPa	Stiffness used in stress and pipe stress analysis

Element	Low Carbon Steel (~0.05–0.30% C)	Medium Carbon Steel (~0.30–0.60% C)	High Carbon Steel (~0.60–1.00% C)
Carbon (C)	0.05–0.30%	0.30–0.60%	0.60–1.00%
Manganese (Mn)	0.30–0.90%	0.60–1.65%	0.60–1.00%
Phosphorus (P)	≤ 0.04%	≤ 0.04%	≤ 0.04%
Sulfur (S)	≤ 0.05%	≤ 0.05%	≤ 0.05%
Silicon (Si)	0.10–0.35%	0.10–0.35%	0.10–0.35%
Iron (Fe)	Balance	Balance	Balance